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贾舒雯,何凤壹,唐棣,卢雪,王静,沈捷,张剑,陈石泉.鲎资源保护与人工繁育研究进展[J].广西科学院学报,2026,42(1):100-108. [点击复制]
- JIA Shuwen,HE Fengyi,TANG Di,LU Xue,WANG Jing,SHEN Jie,ZHANG Jian,CHEN Shiquan.Research Progress on Horseshoe Crab Resource Conservation and Artificial Breeding[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2026,42(1):100-108. [点击复制]
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| 鲎资源保护与人工繁育研究进展 |
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贾舒雯1,2, 何凤壹1,2, 唐棣1,2, 卢雪1,2, 王静3, 沈捷1,2, 张剑1,2, 陈石泉1,2
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| (1.海南省海洋与渔业科学院, 海南海口 570125;2.东寨港海草床资源保护与恢复海南省野外科学观测站, 海南海口 571129;3.北京市企业家环保基金会, 北京 100012) |
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| 摘要: |
| 鲎作为海洋生态系统的关键物种，在生态、医药及科研领域价值显著，用其血液提取制作的鲎试剂广泛应用于多个领域。但受过度捕捞、栖息地破坏、气候变化等因素影响，全球鲎种群数量急剧下降，严重威胁物种存续及相关产业的可持续发展。为系统梳理当前鲎资源保护与恢复工作的主要进展，并深入剖析其面临的关键挑战，本文综述了全球在鲎资源政策法规、科学研究以及人工繁育技术3个层面的保护实践与成果，以期为未来的保护行动提供科学参考。经分析发现，当前鲎资源保护工作仍面临严峻挑战：在生态层面，栖息地持续退化与环境污染加剧导致野生种群衰退；在技术层面，人工繁育技术不成熟、长期跟踪监测体系缺失以及鲎替代试剂研发滞后制约了保护与放流成效；在产业与社会层面，鲎试剂生产对野生资源的依赖性仍未破除，同时公众保护意识薄弱进一步加剧了保育困境。尽管多方面的保护工作已开展，却远未达到鲎资源有效恢复的要求。未来必须坚持科学研究、政策管理、社会参与和资源保障并举，以实现鲎资源的长期保护与可持续利用。 |
| 关键词: 鲎 资源保护 人工繁育 |
| DOI：10.13657/j.cnki.gxkxyxb.20260424.011 |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-10修订日期：2026-01-25 |
| 基金项目:海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2025SHFZ037)，海南省“揭榜挂帅”项目(ZDYF2024SHFZ146)，自然资源部2024年度部省合作项目(2024ZRBSHZ102)，北京市企业家环保基金会项目(ZZ-1732754506,ZZ-1743654418)和深圳市质兰公益基金会捐赠项目(2024070051B)资助。 |
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| Research Progress on Horseshoe Crab Resource Conservation and Artificial Breeding |
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JIA Shuwen1,2, HE Fengyi1,2, TANG Di1,2, LU Xue1,2, WANG Jing3, SHEN Jie1,2, ZHANG Jian1,2, CHEN Shiquan1,2
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| (1.Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 570125, China;2.Dongzhaigang, Conservation and Restoration of Seagrass Bed Resources, Hainan Observation and Research Station, Haikou, Hainan, 571129, China;3.Society of Entrepreneurs & Ecology Foundation, Beijing, 100012, China) |
| Abstract: |
| As a key species in marine ecosystems,horseshoe crabs possess remarkable ecological,medicinal and scientific research value.Limulus reagents extracted from their blood is widely applied in multiple fields.However,due to overfishing,habitat destruction,climate change and other factors,the number of global horseshoe crab populations has declined sharply,which seriously threatens the survival of species and the sustainable development of related industries.This article aims to systematically review the current progress in the conservation and restoration of horseshoe crab resources,and deeply analyze the key challenges they face,so as to provide scientific references for future conservation actions.This article reviews the global conservation practices and achievements of horseshoe crab resources from three aspects: policies and regulations,scientific research,and artificial breeding technology.Analysis reveals that the current conservation of horseshoe crab resources still faces severe challenges.At the ecological level,the continuous degradation of habitats and the aggravation of environmental pollution lead to the decline of wild populations.At the technical level,the immature artificial breeding technology,the lack of long-term tracking and monitoring system,and the lagging research and development of horseshoe crab alternative reagent have restricted the effectiveness of conservation and release programs.At the industrial and social levels,the production of horseshoe crab reagent remains heavily dependent on wild resources.Meanwhile,weak public conservation awareness further aggravates the existing conservation dilemma.This article argues that although conservation efforts have been carried out in various aspects,they are far from meeting the requirements for the effective restoration of horseshoe crab resources.In the future,scientific research,policy management,social participation and resource guarantee must be carried out simultaneously to achieve long-term protection and sustainable utilization of horseshoe crab resources. |
| Key words: horseshoe crab resource conservation artificial breeding |
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