| 引用本文： |
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郁强,邱立国,蔡文启,梁梅,吴钟解,李元超.海南省东方市墩头湾和鱼鳞洲珊瑚礁健康评价[J].广西科学院学报,2026,42(1):90-99. [点击复制]
- YU Qiang,QIU Liguo,CAI Wenqi,LIANG Mei,WU Zhongjie,LI Yuanchao.Health Assessment of Coral Reefs in Duntouwan and Yulinzhou,Dongfang City,Hainan Province[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2026,42(1):90-99. [点击复制]
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解海南省东方市墩头湾海域与鱼鳞洲海域的石珊瑚资源及其生态环境状况，本研究于2023年10月采用边界摸查、样带法、样方法及水下影像分析相结合的技术手段，对两片海域的海洋环境及石珊瑚群落(石珊瑚覆盖率、补充量、组成结构、底栖动物密度等)展开调查，并对其珊瑚礁生态系统健康(Ecosystem health)状况进行综合评价。结果表明：两片海域海水水质总体达到Ⅱ类及以上标准，其中墩头湾海域悬浮物和叶绿素a含量均低于鱼鳞洲海域；墩头湾海域石珊瑚覆盖率达66.5%，而鱼鳞洲海域砂和淤泥比例较大，石珊瑚覆盖率不足45.0%。本次调查共观察到石珊瑚10科18属39种，墩头湾海域和鱼鳞洲海域石珊瑚覆盖率分别为12.08%和9.25%；Shannon多样性指数分别为3.21和2.83，Pielou均匀度指数分别为0.96和0.87；石珊瑚补充量分别为0.43 ind./m2和0.07 ind./m2。墩头湾海域和鱼鳞洲海域珊瑚礁生态健康指数分别为52和45,均处于亚健康状态，墩头湾海域整体状况优于鱼鳞洲海域。综上，墩头湾海域珊瑚礁生态系统稳定性和恢复潜力相对较高，鱼鳞洲海域珊瑚礁生态系统对人为干扰更为敏感。建议加强长期监测，通过石珊瑚移植、人工鱼礁建设、底质环境改善等措施，因地制宜推进珊瑚礁保护管理与人工修复，以促进区域珊瑚礁生态系统的持续恢复与健康发展。 |
| 关键词: 珊瑚礁生态系统 石珊瑚 海洋环境 生态资源 健康评价 |
| DOI：10.13657/j.cnki.gxkxyxb.20260424.010 |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-09修订日期：2026-01-24 |
| 基金项目:国家科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100603)资助。 |
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| Health Assessment of Coral Reefs in Duntouwan and Yulinzhou,Dongfang City,Hainan Province |
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YU Qiang, QIU Liguo, CAI Wenqi, LIANG Mei, WU Zhongjie, LI Yuanchao
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| (Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 570125, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To understand the status of Scleractinian coral resources and their ecological environment in the waters of Duntouwan and Yulinzhou,Dongfang City,Hainan Province,this study conducted a survey in October 2023.A combination of technical methods,including boundary reconnaissance,transect method,quadrat method,and underwater image analysis,was used to investigate the marine environment and Scleractinian coral communities (Scleractinian coral coverage,recruitment,composition and structure,benthic organism density,etc.) in the two sea areas.A comprehensive assessment was also carried out on the ecosystem health of coral reefs.The results showed that the seawater quality of the two sea areas generally reached ClassⅡand above standards.The contents of suspended solids and chlorophyll-a in the Duntouwan sea area were both lower than those in the Yulinzhou sea area.The coverage rate of Scleractinian corals in the Duntouwan sea area reached 66.5%,while the coverage rate of Scleractinian corals in Yulinzhou was less than 45.0% due to the large proportion of sand and silt.A total of 39 Scleractinia corals species belonging to 18 genera and 10 families were observed in this survey.The coverage rates of Scleractinia corals in Duntouwan and Yulinzhou were 12.08% and 9.25%,respectively.The Shannon diversity index was 3.21 and 2.83,and the Pielou evenness index was 0.96 and 0.87,respectively.The recruitment rate of Scleractinia corals was 0.43 ind./m2 and 0.07 ind./m2,respectively.The health index of coral reef ecosystem in the Duntouwan and the Yulinzhou were 52 and 45,respectively,both of which were in sub-health state,but the overall condition of the Duntouwan was better than that of the Yulinzhou.In summary,the stability and restoration potential of the ecosystem in the Duntouwan are relatively high,and the coral reef ecosystem in the Yulinzhou sea area is more sensitive to human disturbance.It is suggested to strengthen long-term monitoring,promote coral reef protection management and artificial restoration according to local conditions through measures such as Scleractinian coral transplantation,artificial reef construction and improvement of sediment environment,so as to promote the sustainable recovery and healthy development of regional coral reef ecosystem. |
| Key words: coral reef ecosystem Scleractinia corals marine environment ecological resources health assessment |
