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冯慧,喻龙华,何志远,吴书华,罗桂生,刘令梅,陈鸿鹏,张万幸.大岗山低山丘陵区林下药用植物多样性对海拔与林分类型的响应[J].广西科学,2026,33(3):582-597. [点击复制]
- FENG Hui,YU Longhua,HE Zhiyuan,WU Shuhua,LUO Guisheng,LIU Lingmei,CHEN Hongpeng,ZHANG Wanxing.Responses of Understory Medicinal Plant Diversity to Altitude and Forest Type in the Low Mountain and Hilly Region of Dagangshan[J].Guangxi Sciences,2026,33(3):582-597. [点击复制]
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| 大岗山低山丘陵区林下药用植物多样性对海拔与林分类型的响应 |
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冯慧1, 喻龙华2,3, 何志远2, 吴书华2, 罗桂生2, 刘令梅4, 陈鸿鹏5, 张万幸2
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| (1.新余学院公共卫生与健康学院, 江西新余 338004;2.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心, 江西新余 336600;3.生物多样性保护与资源利用江西省重点实验室, 江西新余 336600;4.江西青春康源制药有限公司, 江西新余 336600;5.广东药科大学, 广东广州 510006) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为阐明亚热带低山丘陵区林下药用植物多样性的海拔分布规律及其调控机制，以江西大岗山为研究区，选择海拔150、250、400 m 3个高度设置样带，选取杉木林、毛竹林和常绿阔叶林3种典型林分开展群落系统调查。通过计算重要值与多样性指数分析林下药用植物的组成与分布格局，并运用多因素方差分析辨析海拔与林分类型的主效应及两者的交互作用，同时采用Pearson相关分析解析关键群落结构因子(林分郁闭度以及乔木层、灌木层、草本层的物种多样性)与林下药用植物多样性的关系。结果表明：(1)共记录林下药用植物95种，占研究区林下植物总种数的20.88%，生活型以乔木为主，药用部位以根及根茎类居多(占比35.96%)，药用功效以清热与祛风湿为主(占比合计51.69%)；(2)林下药用植物草本层多样性沿海拔呈单峰分布，灌木层物种丰富度则主要受林分类型调控，海拔与林分类型的影响无显著交互作用；(3)林分郁闭度的作用方向具有林分类型特异性，在杉木林中与林下药用植物灌木层Margalef丰富度指数显著负相关，在常绿阔叶林中则与林下药用植物草本层多样性显著正相关；(4)杉木林、毛竹林中林下药用植物多样性与群落结构特征存在紧密的层间协同或层内耦合关系，而常绿阔叶林中此类关联较弱;(5)海拔和林分类型对草本型、藤本型药用植物功效分布异质性的总变异贡献率分别为63.59%和58.38%，海拔是驱动草本型药用植物功效分化的主导因子，杉木林是驱动藤本型药用植物功效分化的主导因子。研究表明，林下药用植物多样性格局受海拔与林分类型共同但独立的调控，关键群落结构因子及其与药用植物多样性的关联模式均表现出显著的林分类型特异性。实施基于“林分类型-海拔”矩阵的差异化经营策略，可为亚热带森林林下药用植物资源保护与多功能经营的协同提升提供科学路径。 |
| 关键词: 药用植物 林分类型 海拔梯度 群落结构 大岗山 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20260708.012 |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-26修订日期：2026-04-16 |
| 基金项目:中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(重点项目)(CAFYBB2022ZC005)资助。 |
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| Responses of Understory Medicinal Plant Diversity to Altitude and Forest Type in the Low Mountain and Hilly Region of Dagangshan |
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FENG Hui1, YU Longhua2,3, HE Zhiyuan2, WU Shuhua2, LUO Guisheng2, LIU Lingmei4, CHEN Hongpeng5, ZHANG Wanxing2
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| (1.School of Public Health, Xinyu University, Xinyu, Jiangxi, 338004, China;2.Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, Jiangxi, 336600, China;3.Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresourcee Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Xinyu, Jiangxi, 336600, China;4.Jiangxi Qingchun Kangyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinyu, Jiangxi, 336600, China;5.Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To elucidate the altitudinal distribution patterns and regulatory mechanisms of understory medicinal plant diversity in the subtropical low-mountain and hilly region,this study selected three altitudes (150 m,250 m,and 400 m) and three typical forest types (Chinese fir forest,moso bamboo forest,and evergreen broad-leaved forest) as sampling transects in Dagangshan,Jiangxi Province.The community composition and distribution patterns of understory medicinal plants were analyzed based on importance values and diversity indices.Multivariate analysis of variance was employed to examine the main effects of altitude and forest type and their interaction,while Pearson correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationships between key community structural factors (canopy closure,and species diversity of tree,shrub,and herb layers) and understory medicinal plant diversity.The results are summarized as follows:(1) A total of 95 medicinal plant species were recorded,accounting for 20.88% of the total understory plants,with trees as the dominant life form,roots and rhizomes as the predominant medicinal parts (35.96%),and heat-clearing and rheumatism-relieving effects as the main medicinal efficacy (together accounting for 51.69%).(2) The herb-layer diversity of understory medicinal plants exhibited a unimodal distribution pattern along the altitudinal gradient,whereas shrub-layer species richness was primarily regulated by forest type,with no significant interactive effect between altitude and forest type;(3) The effect direction of canopy closure was forest type-specific:canopy closure was significantly negatively correlated with the Margalef richness index of the shrub-layer medicinal plants in the Chinese fir forest but significantly positively correlated with herb-layer medicinal plant diversity indices in the evergreen broad-leaved forest;(4) In the Chinese fir forest and the moso bamboo forest,understory medicinal plant diversity showed close inter-layer synergistic or intra-layer coupled relationships with community structural characteristics,whereas such associations were weaker in evergreen broad-leaved forest;(5) Altitude and forest type together explained 63.59% and 58.38% of the total variation in the functional efficacy distribution heterogeneity of herbaceous and liana medicinal plants,respectively,with altitude being the dominant driver for herbaceous medicinal plant functional differentiation and Chinese fir forest being the dominant driver for liana medicinal plant functional differentiation.This study indicates that the diversity patterns of understory medicinal plants are jointly but independently regulated by altitude and forest type,and both key community structural factors and their association patterns with medicinal plant diversity exhibit significant forest type specificity.Implementing differentiated management strategies based on the forest type-altitude matrix can provide a scientific path for the synergistic enhancement of understory medicinal plant resource conservation and multi-functional forest management in subtropical forests. |
| Key words: medicinal plant forest type altitudinal gradient community structure Dagangshan |
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