| 引用本文： |
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薛云红,刘文爱.铁山港红树林高岭土沉积区虫害及互花米草调查与分析[J].广西科学院学报,2021,37(3):314-323. [点击复制]
- XUE Yunhong,LIU Wen'ai.Survey and Analysis of Pests and Spartina alterniflora in the Kaolinite Sedimentary Area of Mangroves in Tieshan Bay[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2021,37(3):314-323. [点击复制]
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| 摘要: |
| 为调查红树林大面积死亡的原因，以及虫害、互花米草对高岭土的响应，本研究在铁山港榄根村红树林区设立23个样方，调查样方内红树植物主要植食性害虫的种类和密度，以及植物叶片受损率；调查蛀干害虫在白骨壤树干上的分布规律，并统计互花米草的面积，从而分析高岭土对有害生物以及有害生物对红树植物的影响。结果显示，调查区域主要植食性害虫为柚木肖弄蝶夜蛾（Hybaea puera）、海榄雌瘤斑螟（Ptyomaxia sp.）和蛎盾蚧（Lepidosaphes sp.）。其中夜蛾主要分布在低潮位，盾蚧主要分布在中高潮位，斑螟虫口数量少，无明显分布趋势。在高岭土影响较小的低潮区，红树植物叶片的受损较为严重。本研究首次发现多毛梢小蠹（Cryphalus pilosus）危害白骨壤的树干，说明高岭土粘附在叶片表面一定程度上减缓食叶害虫的危害，但引发了蛀干害虫的发生。调查区域互花米草斑块约180个，面积约2.82 hm2，死亡红树林斑块内已有互花米草入侵，高岭土的淤积未对互花米草造成不利影响，相反在高岭土淤积严重导致红树林死亡的区域，互花米草最先入侵定殖。本研究为调查地白骨壤死亡的原因提供数据支持，并为后期人工修复提出科学建议。 |
| 关键词: 红树林 高岭土沉积区 害虫 互花米草 北海铁山港 |
| DOI：10.13657/j.cnki.gxkxyxb.20210927.001 |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-06 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32060282），合浦县林业局项目（GXZC2020-J3-HXHP-001）和广西红树林研究中心基本科研业务费项目（2019GMRC-02）资助。 |
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| Survey and Analysis of Pests and Spartina alterniflora in the Kaolinite Sedimentary Area of Mangroves in Tieshan Bay |
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XUE Yunhong, LIU Wen'ai
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| (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi of Academy of Sciences, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the causes of large-scale death in mangrove and the response of pests and Spartina alterniflora to kaolinite, 23 quadrats were set up in mangrove area in Lan'gen Village in Tieshan Bay to investigate the species and density of mainly herbivorous pests in mangrove plants, as well as the damage rate of plant leaves. The distribution of stem borers on the stem of A. marina was investigated, and the area of S. alterniflora was counted, so as to analyze the effects of kaolinite on harmful organisms and harmful organisms on mangrove plants. The results showed that Hybaea puera, Ptyomaxia sp. and Lepidosaphes sp. were the main herbivorous pests. Among them, H. puera was mainly distributed at low tide level, Lepidosaphes sp. at mid-high tide level. There was no obvious distribution trend of A. marina with low population. In the low-tide area with less kaolinite effect, the damage of mangrove leaves was more serious. In this study, we found for the first time that Cryphalus pilosus damaged the trunk of A. marina, which indicated that the adhesion of kaolinite on the surface of leaves could slow down the damage of defoliators to some extent, but caused the occurrence of stem borers. There were about 180 patches of S. alterniflora in the survey area, and the area was about 2.82 hm2. S. alterniflora had invaded into the dead mangrove patches. The deposition of kaolinite did not adversely affect S. alterniflora. On the contrary, S. alterniflora first invaded and colonized in the area where kaolinite deposition seriously led to mangrove death. This study provides data support for the causes of A. marina death in this area, and puts forward scientific suggestions for later artificial restoration. |
| Key words: mangrove kaolinite deposition pests Spartina alterniflora Tieshan Bay Beihai |
