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孙婧,姜少玉,相华,魏晓华,陈琳琳,王娇,陈静,李宝泉.渤海及北黄海2013—2017年冬季拖网大型底栖动物群落结构及物种多样性[J].广西科学,2025,32(6):1107-1118. [点击复制]
- SUN Jing,JIANG Shaoyu,XIANG Hua,WEI Xiaohua,CHEN Linlin,WANG Jiao,CHEN Jing,LI Baoquan.Community Structures and Species Diversity of Macrobenthos Surveyed by Trawling in the Bohai Sea and Northern Yellow Sea in Winters from 2013 to 2017[J].Guangxi Sciences,2025,32(6):1107-1118. [点击复制]
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| 渤海及北黄海2013—2017年冬季拖网大型底栖动物群落结构及物种多样性 |
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孙婧1, 姜少玉2, 相华1, 魏晓华3, 陈琳琳2, 王娇2, 陈静2, 李宝泉2
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| (1.山东省水文中心, 东营市黄河三角洲水文生态重点实验室, 山东济南 250002;2.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东烟台 264003;3.威海职业学院, 山东威海 264210) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探讨渤海及北黄海海域大型底栖动物群落结构特征，本研究对2013年、2014年、2016年和2017年冬季航次(12月)的大型底栖动物进行底拖网调查。采用传统分类学方法对物种进行鉴定，发现4个航次共采集到大型底栖动物182种，包括软体动物64种，甲壳动物40种，鱼类26种，多毛类动物34种，棘皮动物12种，其他动物6种。其中主要优势类群为棘皮动物，其次为小型甲壳动物。调查海域总平均丰度为3.69 ind./m2, 总平均生物量为0.88 g/m2，均以棘皮动物占绝对优势。丰度和生物量分布存在空间差异，两者的高值站位主要分布在渤海中部、渤海海峡以及北黄海海域。生物多样性指数在渤海海峡和渤海中部海域较高。优势种以日本褐虾Crangon hakodatei和日本鼓虾Alpheus japonicus等小型甲壳动物为主。聚类分析和非度量多维排列(NMDS)分析表明，不同海域大型底栖动物群落的相似性较低，可大致分为辽东湾、渤海中南部(莱州湾、渤海湾和渤海中部)、渤海海峡和北黄海4个以不同优势种为代表的底栖动物群落。丰度/生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)分析表明，冬季渤海及北黄海海域大型底栖动物群落受到中等及以上程度的扰动。与历史资料对比发现，渤海及北黄海大型底栖动物整体呈现小型化和低值化趋势。 |
| 关键词: 渤海|北黄海|拖网|大型底栖动物|经济种 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20250929.001 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-30修订日期：2024-12-09 |
| 基金项目:山东省水文中心黄河三角洲水文连通及其对湿地生态系统健康驱动研究项目(SDGP370000000202302007881A001)，国家自然科学基金面上项目(42176160，42276142)和山东省自然基金面上项目(ZR2021MD084)资助。 |
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| Community Structures and Species Diversity of Macrobenthos Surveyed by Trawling in the Bohai Sea and Northern Yellow Sea in Winters from 2013 to 2017 |
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SUN Jing1, JIANG Shaoyu2, XIANG Hua1, WEI Xiaohua3, CHEN Linlin2, WANG Jiao2, CHEN Jing2, LI Baoquan2
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| (1.Dongying Municipal Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, Shandong Hydrology Center, Jinan, Shandong, 250002, China;2.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China;3.Weihai Vocational College, Weihai, Shandong, 264210, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Four surveys were carried out by trawling in winters (December) of 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017 to analyze the macrobenthos community in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea.The conventional taxonomic method was employed to identify species.A total of 182 species were identified, including 64 species of Mullusca, 40 of Crustacea, 26 of fish, 34 of Polychaetea, 12 of Echinodermata and 6 of other groups.Echinoderms species were dominant, followed by some small-sized crustaceans.The total average abundance and biomass were 3.69 ind./m2 and 0.88 g/m2, respectively.Echinoderms had the highest abundance and biomass.The distribution of abundance and biomass presented spatial differences in the survey areas, being high in the central Bohai Sea, the Bohai Strait and the northern Yellow Sea.In addition, the Bohai Strait and the central Bohai Sea showed high diversity indices.The economic species (Index of Relative Importance, IRI>10) were mainly composed of small-sized crustaceans, such as Crangon hakodatei and Alpheus japonicus.Cluster and Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) showed that the macrobenthos communities in different areas had low similarity and were roughly classified into 4 geographic faunas represented by different dominant species, namely, the Liaodong Bay, central and southern Bohai Sea (Laizhou Bay, Bohai Bay and central Bohai Sea), Bohai Strait and northern Yellow Sea.The Abundance/Biomass Comparison (ABC) curves showed that the macrobenthos communities in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea were suffered from moderate to high-level disturbance.Compared with historical data, the macrobenthos in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea are showing an a declining trend in body size and economic value. |
| Key words: Bohai Sea|northern Yellow Sea|trawling|macrobenthos|economic species |
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