| 摘要: |
| 本文采用样带法、样方法结合影像分析对海南东方墩头湾和鱼鳞洲海域的珊瑚礁生态系统及其海洋环境进行全面调查和分析评价。结果表明:墩头湾和鱼鳞洲海域海水水质均满足Ⅱ类水质以上，但墩头湾海域的叶绿素a含量低于鱼鳞洲海域；墩头湾海域底质类型以礁石和砂为主，鱼鳞洲海域底质存在大量砂石和淤泥，礁石底质不足45.00%。墩头湾和鱼鳞洲的造礁石珊瑚覆盖率分别为12.08%和9.25%，多样性指数（H"）为3.21和2.83，均匀度指数（J"）为0.96和0.87，珊瑚补充量为0.43 ind/m2和0.07 ind/m2，其中鱼鳞洲海域发现造礁石珊瑚白化现象；鱼鳞洲海域Y7号站位发现大量马尾藻Scagassum sp.分布，藻类覆盖率达15.20%。人为活动方面，鱼鳞洲海域附近存在着渔业用海、工业用海及港口用海，有着较为复杂的人类活动行为。综上，从自然因素和人为因素对比两海域的生态状况，墩头湾海域更适合纳入珊瑚礁自然保护地体系管理，并提出了对两海域的造礁石珊瑚群落保护和管理的建议。 |
| 关键词: 海南东方市 珊瑚礁生态系统 保护地 生态资源 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-09修订日期：2026-04-13 |
| 基金项目:国家科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100603) |
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| Selection, comparison and analysis of coral reef protected areas in Yulinzhou and Duntouwan, Dongfang, Hainan |
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YU Qiang1, QIU Liguo1, CAI Wenqi1, LIANG Mei1, WU Zhongjie1, LI Yuanchao1, cuiliwei2
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| (1.Hainan Academy of Oeanand Fsheries Siencesc,Haikou;2.Beihai Marine Center, Ministry of Natural Resources) |
| Abstract: |
| This study comprehensively surveyed, analyzed, and evaluated the coral reef ecosystems and marine environments in Hainan Dongfang Duntouwan and Yulingzhou using a transect method, sampling methods, and image analysis. Results indicate that the water quality in both Duntouwan and Yulingzhou meets Class II or higher standards, but the chlorophyll a content in Duntouwan is lower than that in Yulingzhou. The bottom sediments in Duntouwan are primarily rocky and sandy, while those in Yulingzhou contain significant amounts of gravel and silt, with rocky bottoms accounting for less than 45%. The coverage of scleractinian corals in Duntouwan and Yulingzhou are 12.08% and 9.25% respectively, the diversity index (H") is 3.21 and 2.83, the evenness index (J") is 0.96 and 0.87, and the coral replenishment is 0.43 ind/m2 and 0.07 ind/m2. Among them, bleaching of reef-building corals was found in the Yulingzhou waters; a large amount of Sargassum was found at station Y7 in the Yulingzhou waters, and the algae coverage rate reached 15.20%. In terms of human activities, there are fishery seas, industrial seas and port seas near the Yulingzhou waters, and there are relatively complex human activities. In summary, comparing the ecological conditions of the two sea areas from the perspective of natural factors and human factors, the Duntouwan waters are more suitable for inclusion in the coral reef nature reserve system management, and suggestions for the protection and management of reef-building coral communities in the two sea areas are proposed. |
| Key words: Dongfang City, Hainan coral reef ecosystem protected area ecological resources |
