| 摘要: |
| 火麻仁（Hempseed）为桑科植物大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）的干燥成熟果实，其化学成分丰富，主要包括脂肪酸类、蛋白质及肽类、木脂素酰胺类、甾体及萜类、黄酮及苷类、大麻素类等。火麻仁的有效成分具有抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护、调节血脂、血糖和血压、调节胃肠功能、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗疲劳等方面的药理作用；其在临床应用上主要用于预防和治疗心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤等。但目前尚不清楚哪些成分是发挥治疗作用的关键，且缺乏临床实验数据支持其药理机制。本文旨在综述火麻仁的化学成分、主要药理作用和临床应用，并展望能够发现具有特定药理作用的新化合物以及建立更多的动物模型和临床试验来推动火麻仁在医学领域的应用，希冀通过多学科合作为其在多种疾病治疗中的广泛应用提供更多的可能性。 |
| 关键词: 火麻仁 化学成分 药理作用 临床应用 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-14修订日期：2025-06-08 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学(NO: 82360286) 、广西青年科学基金 (NO: 2023JJB140108) 资助。 |
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| Research Progress on Chemical Components, Pharmacological Effects, and Clinical Applications of Hempseed |
|
huangling, chen yuting, pan shangling, chen ningyuan
|
| (Guangxi Medical University) |
| Abstract: |
| Hempseed? (the dried mature fruit of Cannabis sativa L.) is rich in chemical constituents, including fatty acids, proteins and peptides, lignanamides, steroids and terpenoids, flavonoids and their glycosides, and cannabinoids. Its active components exhibit diverse pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, lipid-regulating, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, gastrointestinal function-modulating, antitumor, antibacterial, and anti-fatigue properties. Clinically, it is primarily utilized for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes, and tumors. However, the key therapeutic components remain unclear, and there is a lack of clinical data to elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the chemical composition, pharmacological activities, current clinical applications of hempseed, and looks forward to the discovery of novel compounds with specific pharmacological activities and advocates for the development of additional animal models and clinical trials to promote the application of hempseed in the medical field. It is hoped that through multidisciplinary cooperation, more possibilities can be provided for its wide application in the treatment of various diseases. |
| Key words: Hempseed Chemical Components Pharmacological Effects Clinical Applications |
