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刘文爱,薛云红,李丽凤,吴慧莹,陶艳成.大花菟丝子对红树林三叶鱼藤的生物防治效果[J].广西科学院学报,2024,40(3):230-240. [点击复制]
- LIU Wen'ai,XUE Yunhong,LI Lifeng,WU Huiying,TAO Yancheng.Biological Control Effect of Cuscuta reflexa on Mangrove Derris trifoliata[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2024,40(3):230-240. [点击复制]
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| 大花菟丝子对红树林三叶鱼藤的生物防治效果 |
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刘文爱1,2, 薛云红1,2, 李丽凤3, 吴慧莹1,2, 陶艳成1,2
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| (1.广西科学院, 广西海洋科学院(广西红树林研究中心), 广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室, 广西北海 536000;2.自然资源部北部湾滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 广西北海 536015;3.桂林电子科技大学设计与创意学院, 广西北海 536000) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探索利用大花菟丝子(Cuscuta reflexa)作为生物防治工具来控制三叶鱼藤(Derris trifoliata)的潜力，以应对三叶鱼藤在红树林生态系统中的侵袭和扩散问题，在广西北海南流江和冯家江设置24个样方对三叶鱼藤进行大花菟丝子接种试验。首先采用人工接种和无人机投掷两种方式，将大花菟丝子茎段接种到三叶鱼藤上，通过比较初始覆盖面积和最终覆盖面积来计算大花菟丝子的死亡率；然后评估大花菟丝子对红树植物的安全性，定时观察红树植物上的大花菟丝子寄生情况和生长变化;最后使用饱和盐水和菟丝灵控制大花菟丝子的扩散。试验结果显示，大花菟丝子能够有效寄生在三叶鱼藤上，吸取其营养物质，阻碍其光合作用和水分吸收，最终导致三叶鱼藤营养不良而全株死亡，接种3个月后的三叶鱼藤死亡率可达91%。大花菟丝子对红树植物桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)、秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、卤蕨(Acrostichum aureum)和老鼠簕(Acanthus ilicifolius)无显著影响，无法成功寄生在这些红树植物上，且49 d后均死亡。菟丝灵和饱和盐水均能有效控制大花菟丝子，喷洒6 d后大花菟丝子死亡率达到100%。综上，利用大花菟丝子治理三叶鱼藤安全有效且可控。这种生物防治方法不仅环保，而且比传统的物理清除方法更加经济和可持续，利用无人机投掷大花菟丝子来防治三叶鱼藤的成本仅为人工清理的2%。本研究为利用大花菟丝子作为生物防治工具提供了科学依据，为红树林生态系统的有害生物管理提供了新的视角和方法。 |
| 关键词: 大花菟丝子 三叶鱼藤 生物防治 红树林 |
| DOI：10.13657/j.cnki.gxkxyxb.20241108.002 |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-04修订日期：2024-07-25 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060282)，国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U21A2022)，广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室基金项目(GKLMC-20A06)和广西科学院改革发展专项(2024YGFZ504-101)资助。 |
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| Biological Control Effect of Cuscuta reflexa on Mangrove Derris trifoliata |
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LIU Wen'ai1,2, XUE Yunhong1,2, LI Lifeng3, WU Huiying1,2, TAO Yancheng1,2
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| (1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservationand Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences (Guangxi Mangrove Research Center), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China;2.Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystemin Beibu Gulf, Ministryof Natural Resources, Beihai, Guangxi, 536015, China;3.Collegeof Designand Creativity, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the potential of using Cuscuta reflexa as a biological control tool to control Derris trifoliata and cope with the invasion and spread of this plant in mangrove ecosystems,a total of 24 plots were set up in Nanliujiang and Fengjiajiang in Beihai,Guangxi to carry out the inoculation test of C.reflexa on D.trifoliata.Firstly,the stem segments of C.reflexa were inoculated on D.trifoliata by two methods of manual inoculation and drone throwing,the mortality rate of D.trifoliata was calculated by comparing the initial coverage area and the final coverage area.Then,the safety of C.reflexa to mangrove plants was evaluated.The parasitism and growth changes of C.reflexa on mangrove plants were observed regularly.Finally,the diffusion of C.reflexa was controlled by saturated brine and Cuscutalin.The experimental results showed that C.reflexa could effectively parasitize D.trifoliata,extracting its nutrients,blocking photosynthesis and water absorption.Eventually,it led to malnutrition of D.trifoliata and death of the whole plant.Three months after inoculation,the mortality rate of D.trifoliata could reach 91%.C.reflexa had no significant effect on the mangrove plants Aegiceras corniculatum,Kandelia obovata,Acrostichum aureum,and Acanthus ilicifolius, and could not successfully parasitize on these mangrove plants,and all died after 49 days.Both Cuscutalin and saturated brine could effectively controlled C.reflexa,and the mortality rate of C.reflexa reached 100% after 6 days of spraying.In summary,it is safe,effective and controllable to use C.reflexa to control D.trifoliata.This biological control method is not only environmentally friendly,but also more economical and sustainable than traditional physical removal methods.The cost of using drones to throw C.reflexa to control D.trifoliata is only 2% of the cost of manual cleaning.This study provides a scientific basis for using C.reflexa as a biological control tool,and provides a new perspective and method for the management of pests in mangrove ecosystems. |
| Key words: Cuscuta reflexa Derris trifoliata biological control mangrove |
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