| 引用本文： |
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欧阳贤清,李小维,裴木凤,雷学铁,粟启仲.广西北海铁山港湾表层沉积物中污染物分布特征及其影响因素分析[J].广西科学,2025,32(2):339-352. [点击复制]
- OUYANG Xianqing,LI Xiaowei,PEI Mufeng,LEI Xuetie,SU Qizhong.Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors Analysis of Pollutants in Surface Sediments from Tieshangang Bay, Beihai, Guangxi[J].Guangxi Sciences,2025,32(2):339-352. [点击复制]
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| 摘要: |
| 广西北海铁山港湾拥有红树林、海草床等典型海洋生态系统，具有较高的生态价值，同时易受人类开发活动影响。为了解铁山港湾表层沉积物主要污染物分布特征及其影响因素，本研究基于2021年春季、秋季铁山港湾环境质量调查，对铁山港湾表层沉积物中汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、有机碳(OC)、酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)和油类(Oil)等污染物的含量、空间分布特征和污染程度进行分析，同时利用相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法探讨影响污染物空间分布的因素。结果表明：(1)铁山港湾海洋沉积物整体处于优良状态，受污染程度低，其中重金属潜在生态风险较低，处于无污染状态；(2)铁山港湾表层沉积物中OC、AVS和Oil两两之间具有显著正相关性，Cu、Zn和Pb两两之间具有显著正相关性，Hg和Cd具有显著正相关性；(3)聚类分析结果显示铁山港湾表层沉积物中污染物可分为四簇，第一簇为OC、AVS和Oil，第二簇为As，第三簇为Cu、Zn和Pb，第四簇为Hg和Cd；(4)铁山港湾表层沉积物中污染物的空间分布特征可归纳为两个主成分，两个主成分可累计解释总方差的64.26%；(5)铁山港湾表层沉积物中污染物分布除了受地质背景和人类活动影响，同时也受海湾水动力条件影响。铁山港湾夏秋季较强的水动力能促进污染物向外输运，使得春秋两季污染物在空间分布上存在一定的差异。 |
| 关键词: 铁山港湾 沉积物 污染特征 主成分分析 聚类分析 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20250624.015 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-09修订日期：2025-03-01 |
| 基金项目:广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD20238018);南海局科技发展基金项目(230206)资助。 |
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| Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors Analysis of Pollutants in Surface Sediments from Tieshangang Bay, Beihai, Guangxi |
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OUYANG Xianqing, LI Xiaowei, PEI Mufeng, LEI Xuetie, SU Qizhong
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| (Beihai Marine Environment Monitoring Center Station, State Oceanic Administration of China, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Tieshangang Bay in Beihai, Guangxi has typical marine ecosystems such as mangrove forests and seagrass beds, which are of high ecological value and susceptible to human development activities. To understand the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of major pollutants in the surface sediments of Tieshangang Bay, this study analyzed the content, spatial distribution characteristics, and the contamination degree of pollutants such as Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, organic carbon (OC), Acid Volatile Sulfide (AVS), and oil in the surface sediments of Tieshangang bay, based on the environmental quality surveys of Tieshangang Bay in the spring and autumn of 2021.Correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis, were performed to explore the factors influencing the spatial distribution of pollutants. The results are described as follows. (1) The quality of marine sediments in Tieshangang Bay was generally excellent, with a low contamination degree, in which the heavy metals demonstrated a low potential ecological risk, without contamination. (2) Organic carbon, acid volatile sulfide, and oil in the surface sediments of Tieshangang Bay had significantly positive correlations. Cu, Zn, and Pb had significantly positive correlations, and Hg and Cd had a significantly positive correlation. (3) The pollutants in the sediments of Tieshangang Bay were clustered into four clusters, with the first being organic carbon, acid volatile sulfide, and oil, the second being As, the third being Cu, Zn, and Pb, and the fourth being Hg and Cd. (4) The spatial distribution of pollutants in the surface sediments of Tieshangang Bay can be summarized by two principal components, which cumulatively explained 64.26% of the total variance. (5) The distribution of the pollutants in the surface sediments of Tieshangang Bay was affected by not only by the geological background and human activities but also the hydrodynamic conditions of the bay. Stronger hydrodynamics in Tieshangang Bay in summer and autumn can promote the outward transport of pollutants from the sediments, which makes the spatial distribution of pollutants different between spring and autumn. |
| Key words: Tieshangang Bay sediment pollution characteristics principal component analysis cluster analysis |
