| 摘要: |
| 为探究有孔团水虱（Sphaeroma terebrans）对高温胁迫的生理响应，本研究设置25 ℃（对照组）、30、32、34、36、38、40、42 ℃共8个不同温度组，持续胁迫处理168 h，测定各组死亡率，并计算不同胁迫时间下的半致死温度（LT50）；根据不同高温胁迫下有孔团水虱死亡率和半致死温度实验结果，设置31、34、37 ℃高温处理组，研究有孔团水虱不同胁迫时间的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）等活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量变化特征。结果显示，有孔团水虱在40 ℃和42 ℃胁迫处理48 h后全部死亡， 38 ℃胁迫144 h全部死亡；胁迫处理168h后，30、32、34、36 ℃组有孔团水虱的平均死亡率分别为2.22%、6.67%、20.00%、34.44%，各温度处理组间的死亡率差异显著（P<0.05），表明有孔团水虱的死亡率会随着温度升高和胁迫时间延长而升高；胁迫24、48、72、96、120、144、168 h的半致死温度（LT50）分别为40.905 ℃、38.255 ℃、37.352 ℃、36.547 ℃、35.956 ℃、35.712 ℃、35.610 ℃。高温胁迫下，有孔团水虱的抗氧化酶和免疫酶活性被先后诱导，与对照组差异显著（P<0.05），不同胁迫温度达到峰值时间有所不同；SOD、CAT、GPx、AKP、ACP活性和MDA含量总体呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势；37 ℃胁迫72 h后，有孔团水虱的SOD、CAT、GPx、AKP、ACP活性和MDA含量均显著低于对照水平（P<0.05）。上述结果表明，有孔团水虱对高温有较强的耐受能力，但长时间的高温胁迫会严重影响有孔团水虱的存活、抗氧化及免疫功能；高温胁迫下抗氧化酶及免疫酶活性的变化，可能是有孔团水虱避免机体氧化损伤，适应高温环境的重要手段。 |
| 关键词: 有孔团水虱 高温胁迫 抗氧化酶 免疫酶 生理响应 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2026-05-16修订日期：2026-07-24 |
| 基金项目:广西自然科学项目(2026GXNSFAA00640754),国家自然科学基金(U24A20611), 自治区直属公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023GMRC-04),广西红树林研究中心自立项目(2023-31101)，广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室基金项目(GKLMC-22A07)。 |
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| Effects of Acute High Temperature Stress on Survival, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, and Immune Enzyme Activities in the Isopod Sphaeroma terebrans |
|
YANG Mingliu, GAO Tingwei, YAN Bing
|
| (Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences（Guangxi Mangrove Research Center）) |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the physiological responses of Sphaeroma terebrans to high temperature stress, the individuals were randomly divided into eight groups with different temperatures of 25°C (control group), 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 and 42°C. After 168 h of continuous stress exposure, the mortalities of S. terebrans in each group were calculated, and the median lethal temperature (LT50) at different stress times was analyzed. Based on the results of mortality and LT50 experiments under different high-temperature stresses, three high-temperature treatment groups (31, 34 and 37?°C) were established to investigate the variation characteristics in the activities ofsuperoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and acid phosphatase (ACP), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in S. terebrans at different exposure durations. The results showed that all individuals of S. terebrans died after 48 h of exposure to 40?°C and 42?°C, and all individuals died after 144 h of exposure to 38 °C. After 168 h of thermal stress, the mean mortality rates in the 30, 32, 34 and 36 °C treatment groups were 2.22%, 6.67%, 20.00%, and 34.44%, respectively, with significant differences among temperature groups (P< 0.05), indicating that the mortality of S. terebrans increased with rising temperature and prolonged stress duration. The LT5 of S. terebrans at exposure durations of 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 h were 40.905 °C, 38.255 °C, 37.352 °C, 36.547 °C, 35.956 °C, 35.712 °C, and 35.610 °C, respectively. Under high-temperature stress, the activities of antioxidant and immune related enzymes in S. terebrans were sequentially induced, showing significant differences from the control group (P<0.05), and with the time to peak activity varying among treatments among different stress temperatures. Overall, the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, AKP and ACP, as well as the MDA content, exhibited a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing. After 72 h of exposure at 37 °C, the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, AKP, ACP, and the MDA content were all significantly lower than the control levels (P<0.05). These results indicated that S. terebrans possesses a relatively strong thermal tolerance to high temperatures; however, prolonged thermal stress can severely impair its survival, antioxidant capacity, and immune function. The changes in antioxidant and immune enzyme activities under heat stress may represent an important mechanism for S. terebrans to avoid oxidative damage in the organism and adapt to high-temperature environments. |
| Key words: Sphaeroma terebrans high temperature stress antioxidant enzymes immune enzymes physiological response |
