| 摘要: |
| 解析黄河口及邻近海湾大型底栖动物优势种年际变化、群落特征指标变化及其影响因素，有助于理解群落形成和维持机制。本研究系统检索历史文献，整合分析了74篇文献，探索1958年-2024年间黄河口及邻近海湾大型底栖动物的群落动态及潜在影响因素。结果表明，自20世纪50年代起，黄河口及邻近海湾大型底栖动物的优势种存在明显变换。渤海湾共记录过63种大型底栖动物优势种，主要由软体动物和节肢动物组成，2011年以来环节动物和棘皮动物比例上升。莱州湾近海共记录过78种大型底栖动物优势种，2010年前主要由棘皮动物、节肢动物和软体动物组成，之后逐渐更替为软体动物、环节动物和节肢动物，存在“小型化”趋势。黄河口自21世纪以来共记录过90种大型底栖动物优势种，优势种变化明显，主要组成类群从软体动物和多毛类环节动物，逐渐变为近年来的软体动物和甲壳动物。另外，渤海湾、黄河口和莱州湾三个海湾的生物多样性、密度和生物量都随时间发生变化，说明都曾受到不同程度的干扰。海岸工程建设、污染物排放、围垦养殖等人类活动，营养组成和盐度等水文环境的变化均对黄河口及邻近海湾大型底栖动物群落变化具有重要影响。本研究有助于了解黄河口及邻近海域群落动态，为区域环境保护和治理提供经验。 |
| 关键词: 大型底栖动物 群落结构 生物多样性 影响因素 优势种 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2026-04-19修订日期：2026-07-04 |
| 基金项目:崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203803)和国家自然科学基金项目(42106141) |
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| Studies on dynamic of macrobenthic communities in the coastal waters of the Yellow River Estuary, and adjacent Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay |
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Dian Yu, Li-Sha Hu, Yun-Wei Dong
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| (Ocean University of China) |
| Abstract: |
| Analyzing the interannual changes in dominant macrobenthic species, community characteristics and their influencing factors in the Yellow River estuary and adjacent bays helps to understand the mechanisms of community formation and maintenance. This study systematically reviewed the literature and integrated data from 74 publications to explore the community dynamics of macrobenthos and their potential influencing factors in the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent bays from 1958 to 2024. The results showed that the dominant macrobenthic species in the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent bays have undergone pronounced shifts since the 1950s. A total of 63 dominant macrobenthic species have been recorded in Bohai Bay, mainly consisting of molluscs and arthropods, with the proportion of annelids and echinoderms increasing since 2011. A total of 78 dominant macrobenthic species have been recorded offshore of Laizhou Bay, mainly composed of echinoderms, arthropods and mollusks before 2010, then gradually replaced by mollusks, annelids and arthropods, showing a trend toward miniaturization. In the Yellow River Estuary, a total of 90 dominant macrobenthic species have been recorded since the 21st century, with obvious changes in the dominant species, and the main taxonomic groups have gradually changed from mollusks and polychaetes at the beginning of the 21st century to mollusks and crustaceans in recent years. In addition, the biodiversity, density and biomass in Bohai Bay, the Yellow River Estuary and Laizhou Bay have changed over time, indicating that they have been disturbed to different degrees. Human activities such as coastal engineering construction, pollutant discharge, reclamation and aquaculture, and changes in the hydrological conditions such as nutrient composition and salinity have strongly influenced macrobenthic community change in the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent bays. This study helps to understand the community dynamics in the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent seas, and provides a reference for regional environmental protection and management. |
| Key words: Macrobenthos Community structure Biodiversity Influencing factors Dominant species |
