| 引用本文： |
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赵国华,吕梓悦,胡佳玉,舒江平,顾钰峰,王晖.石松类和蕨类植物的扩繁技术及其在迁地保护中的应用[J].广西科学,2025,32(5):882-893. [点击复制]
- ZHAO Guohua,Lü Ziyue,HU Jiayu,SHU Jiangping,GU Yufeng,WANG Hui.Propagation Techniques for Lycophytes and Ferns and Their Application in Ex-situ Conservation[J].Guangxi Sciences,2025,32(5):882-893. [点击复制]
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| 摘要: |
| 迁地保护是拯救珍稀濒危植物的重要措施，其核心内容是物种扩繁。科学扩繁不仅可以增加个体数量、实现种群恢复和强化资源储备，而且是维持物种遗传多样性的重要途径，对迁地保护的有效性及野外回归的成功都起着决定性作用。当前，石松类和蕨类植物的扩繁技术包括有性繁殖和无性繁殖两大体系，有性繁殖技术通常指孢子繁殖，具有繁殖成本低、繁殖系数高、规模化潜力大以及遗传多样性丰富等优势，适用于多数蕨类植物，然而该技术存在繁殖周期较长的问题，且部分石松类植物的繁殖技术尚未取得突破。无性繁殖技术包括组培快繁、珠芽繁殖、扦插繁殖、压条繁殖及分株繁殖等方式，可快速实现个体数量扩增，在离体种质资源库建设中发挥重要作用，但存在对母体损伤大、新个体产出量有限、遗传多样性单一等弊端，同时组培快繁技术还存在技术门槛高、成本高昂的问题。我国珍稀濒危石松类和蕨类植物约260种，目前仅对18.8%的物种开展了繁育研究，物种研究的覆盖度严重不足。未来需强化科研投入，针对不同物种特性制定“一种一策”或“一种多策”的繁殖方案，构建以有性繁殖技术为主、无性繁殖技术为辅的繁育体系，着重保护物种遗传多样性，加强扩繁个体野外回归后的适应性检测研究，实现珍稀濒危物种保护与开发利用的协同发展。 |
| 关键词: 石松类和蕨类植物 珍稀濒危植物 扩繁 迁地保护 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20251121.001 |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-30修订日期：2025-09-01 |
| 基金项目:深圳市城市管理和综合执法局科研项目(202405)资助。 |
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| Propagation Techniques for Lycophytes and Ferns and Their Application in Ex-situ Conservation |
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ZHAO Guohua1, Lü Ziyue1, HU Jiayu1, SHU Jiangping1, GU Yufeng2, WANG Hui1
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| (1.Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity, Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518004, China;2.The Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518114, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Ex-situ conservation is a critical measure for the protection of rare and endangered plant species,and its core lies in species propagation.Scientific propagation not only increases individual number,restores populations,and reserves germplasm resources but also plays a vital role in maintaining genetic diversity,which is essential for the effectiveness of ex-situ conservation and the success of reintroduction.Currently,the propagation techniques for lycophytes and ferns include two main systems:sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.Sexual reproduction refers to spore propagation,which offers advantages such as low reproductive costs,high reproductive efficiency,large-scale potential,and rich genetic diversity,being suitable for most fern species.However,it faces challenges such as a long reproductive cycle and limited progress in some lycophytes species.Asexual reproduction techniques,including tissue culture propagation,bulbil propagation,cut propagation,layering,and division propagation,can rapidly increase individual number and play a key role in the construction of in vitro germplasm resources.However,these method |
