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沈捷,贾舒雯,唐棣,蔡泽富,张剑,刘一霖,陈伟文,陈石泉.我国南方海草资源保护与修复研究进展[J].广西科学,2025,32(4):687-703. [点击复制]
- SHEN Jie,JIA Shuwen,TANG Di,CAI Zefu,ZHANG Jian,LIU Yilin,CHEN Weiwen,CHEN Shiquan.Research Progress in Protection and Restoration of Seagrass Resources in Southern China[J].Guangxi Sciences,2025,32(4):687-703. [点击复制]
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| 我国南方海草资源保护与修复研究进展 |
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沈捷1,2,3, 贾舒雯1,2,3, 唐棣1,3, 蔡泽富1,2,3, 张剑1,3, 刘一霖1,3, 陈伟文4, 陈石泉1,2,3
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| (1.海南省海洋与渔业科学院, 海南海口 571126;2.海南热带海洋学院崖州湾创新研究院, 海南三亚 572022;3.东寨港海草床资源保护与恢复海南省野外科学观测研究站, 海南海口 571129;4.海南清澜省级自然保护区管理站, 海南文昌 571300) |
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| 摘要: |
| 我国南方海草资源是南海北部、北部湾及闽粤沿海关键的蓝碳生态系统，由卵叶喜盐草(Halophila ovalis)、泰来草(Thalassia hemprichii)等典型物种组成，其通过复杂的生态系统结构，在固碳减排、净化水质，为众多海洋生物提供产卵场与育幼场，以及消波护岸等方面发挥着不可替代的生态功能。然而，近年来，在围填海与海岸工程导致的生境碎片化、陆源污染引发的富营养化与底质硫化，以及台风等极端天气事件造成的物理破坏等多重人为与自然胁迫的交互作用下，海草床不仅退化范围持续扩大，还面临着生物多样性丧失、生态系统服务功能衰退及自我恢复能力削弱等深层次的生态健康状况恶化问题。本文系统梳理我国南方海草资源的分布特征、退化驱动机制及保护修复实践，包括政策标准制定、修复技术应用及社区参与模式，分析当前存在的基础研究薄弱、技术瓶颈及管理协同障碍等问题，并从科学研究、技术优化及政策创新层面提出展望，为我国南方海草资源的可持续保护与修复提供科学支撑。 |
| 关键词: 海草床 资源退化 生态修复 蓝碳 保护政策 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20251114.007 |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-18修订日期：2025-07-28 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42306169，42166006)，海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2024SHFZ146，ZDYF2025SHFZ037)，海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(323RC554)，海南省省本级部门预算项目(GL-2025-03)，海南省省属科研院所技术创新项目(KYYSLK2023-001)，海南省哲学社会科学规划课题［HNSK(YB)24-10］，自然资源部2024年度部省合作项目(2024ZRBSHZ102)，北京市企业家环保基金会项目(ZZ-1732754506，ZZ-1743654418)和深圳市质兰公益基金会捐赠项目(2024070051B)资助。 |
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| Research Progress in Protection and Restoration of Seagrass Resources in Southern China |
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SHEN Jie1,2,3, JIA Shuwen1,2,3, TANG Di1,3, CAI Zefu1,2,3, ZHANG Jian1,3, LIU Yilin1,3, CHEN Weiwen4, CHEN Shiquan1,2,3
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| (1.Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571126, China;2.Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hai-nan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan, 572022, China;3.Dongzhaigang, Conservation and Restoration of Seagrass Bed Resources, Hainan Observation and Research Station, Haikou, Hainan, 571129, China;4.Hainan Qinglan Provincial Nature Reserve Management Station, Wenchang, Hainan, 571300, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The seagrass resources in southern China are crucial blue carbon ecosystems in the northern part of the South China Sea,the Beibu Gulf,and the coastal areas of Fujian and Guangdong.They are composed of typical species such as Halophila ovalis and Thalassia hemprichii.Through their complex ecosystem structures,they play an irreplaceable ecological role in carbon sequestration and emission reduction,water purification,serving as spawning and nursery grounds for numerous marine organisms,and wave attenuation and shoreline protection.However,in recent years,under the combined and interactive pressures of multiple natural and human-induced stresses such as the habitat fragmentation caused by reclamation projects and coastal engineering,eutrophication and sediment sulfidation induced by terrestrial pollution,and physical damage from typhoons and other extreme weather events,seagrass beds have not only experienced continuously expanded degradation but also faced profound ecological health deterioration,including biodiversity losses,declines in ecosystem services,and weakened self-recovery capacity.This paper systematically reviews the distribution characteristics,degradation driving mechanisms,and conservation and restoration practices of seagrass resources in southern China,including the formulation of policies and standards,the application of restoration technologies,and community participation models.It analyzes the current problems such as weaknesses in basic research,technical bottlenecks,and management coordination barriers,and then puts forward prospects from the perspectives of scientific research,technical optimization,and policy innovation.This review is expected to provide scientific support for the sustainable conservation and restoration of seagrass resources in southern China. |
| Key words: seagrass beds resource degradation ecological restoration blue carbon conservation policies |
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