| 摘要: |
| 为研究天津市以及渤海湾的水质状况，以天津入海河流及其相邻海域为研究对象，收集了2021和2022年77个监测点的24项水质参数，采用绝对主成分分析—多元线性回归模型等多元统计方法，分析了其水质的时空分布特征及污染的主要来源。结果表明，天津入海河流各监测点的WQIs在51-86之间，均值为70，水质等级为良好。在汛期污染物浓度较非汛期高，尤其是氨氮、COD、BOD、TP和重金属等污染物。不同河流在营养盐污染和有机污染方面表现出显著的区域性差异，北三河(蓟运河、潮白新河和永定新河)以营养盐污染为主，而南四河(青静黄排水渠、子牙新河、北排水河和沧浪渠)则以有机污染为主。天津入海河流的污染物入海通量在汛期显著高于非汛期，永定新河的污染物入海通量最多，南四河最少。污染源解析结果显示，生活污水、工业废水和农业灌溉是其主要污染源，生活污水和工业废水对有机污染和营养盐的贡献最大。陆源输入是天津近岸海域污染物的主要来源，河口和近岸海域的污染物时空分布具有一致性。 |
| 关键词: 水质 河口 时空分布 污染源 入海通量 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-11修订日期：2025-06-18 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Water Pollution in Rivers Entering the Sea in Tianjin and Adjacent Sea Area |
|
FENG Lingping1, QIU Mengxuan1, Meng Li1, Luo Wei2, WU Guanghong1
|
| (1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Environment,Tianjin Normal University;2.Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences) |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the water quality conditions of Tianjin and the Bohai Bay, this study focused on the rivers flowing into the sea from Tianjin and their adjacent sea areas. Data from 77 monitoring points over the years 2021 and 2022 were collected, including 24 water quality parameters. Multivariate statistical methods, such as absolute principal component analysis and multiple linear regression models, were employed to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of water quality and the primary sources of pollution. The results showed that the WQIs of each section of the rivers entering the sea in Tianjin in 2021-2022 were between 51-86, with an average value of 70, and the water quality grade was good. The concentration of pollutants in the flood season is higher than that in the non-flood season, especially pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD, TP and heavy metals (such as As, Hg, Pb and S2-). Different rivers showed significant regional characteristics in terms of nutrient pollution and organic pollution, for example, Jiyun River, Chaobaixin River and Yongdingxin River) was dominated by nutrient pollution, while Qingjinghuang River, Ziyaxin River, Beipaishui River and Canglang Canal) was dominated by organic pollution. The pollutant flux of the rivers entering the sea in Tianjin was significantly higher than that in the non-flood season, and the pollutant flux of the Yongdingxin River was the largest, and the Nansi River was the least. The analysis results of pollution sources showed that domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural irrigation were the main pollution sources, and domestic sewage and industrial wastewater contributed the most to organic pollution and nutrients. Land-based input is the main source of pollutants in the coastal waters of Tianjin, and the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants in the estuary and coastal waters is consistent. |
| Key words: Water quality Estuary Spatial temporal distribution Source apportionment Pollutant Flux into the sea |
