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李斌,付家想,黄雯雯,骆鑫.涠洲岛海水文石饱和度的变化及其对造礁石珊瑚钙化作用的影响[J].广西科学,2025,32(1):68-77. [点击复制]
- LI Bin,FU Jiaxiang,HUANG Wenwen,LUO Xin.Changes in Aragonite Saturation State in Seawater and Effect on Calcification of Scleractinian Corals around the Weizhou Island[J].Guangxi Sciences,2025,32(1):68-77. [点击复制]
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| 涠洲岛海水文石饱和度的变化及其对造礁石珊瑚钙化作用的影响 |
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李斌1, 付家想2,3, 黄雯雯1, 骆鑫3
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| (1.广西科学院, 广西海洋科学院, 广西南宁 530007;2.自然资源部第四海洋研究所, 广西北部湾海洋资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室, 广西北海 536000;3.广西壮族自治区海洋环境监测中心站, 北部湾海洋生态环境广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西北海 536000) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为给涠洲岛珊瑚礁的保护修复和监测预警提供科学依据，本研究结合海表二氧化碳分压(pCO2)、表层水温、表层盐度和表层pH值的数据资料，采用Excel Macro CO2SYS计算涠洲岛的海水文石饱和度(ΩArag)，分析其变化对造礁石珊瑚钙化作用的影响，及其对水温、盐度和pH值等环境因子变化的响应。结果表明：2006-2020年春季、夏季和秋季涠洲岛海域表层海水的平均水温为22.1-28.4 ℃，呈逐年上升的趋势；平均盐度为29.5-32.0，基本稳定在31.0左右；pCO2波动上升，平均pCO2为350.96-380.37 μatm (1 μatm=1.013 25×10-5 Pa),但基本低于全球海洋的同期值；pH值波动上升，平均pH值为7.99-8.24，基本高于同期的全球海洋pH值。涠洲岛海域的pCO2以+3.20 μatm/10 a的速率波动上升，预计引起的表层海水酸化速率为-0.002 pH/10 a，而全球海洋的酸化速率为-0.011 pH/10 a。3个季节的平均ΩArag为2.61-7.42，夏季较高，秋季次之，春季最低。ΩArag为临界值4.00时，平均水温不能低于22.1 ℃，平均盐度不能低于25.6，平均pH值不能低于8.12，pH值是影响ΩArag变化的关键因子。春季涠洲岛海域的水温和ΩArag较低，夏季的ΩArag高，但水温常高于30 ℃，均不利于造礁石珊瑚的钙化增生；秋季的ΩArag较高，水温适宜，适于造礁石珊瑚的钙化增生。全球气候变化引起的水温升高不会降低涠洲岛海域的ΩArag，但极端低温引起的ΩArag降低可能会影响珊瑚骨骼结构的稳定性。涠洲岛海域的盐度稳定，不会导致ΩArag发生较大变化。受全球海洋pCO2增加的影响，预计2038年涠洲岛海水的ΩArag将小于临界值4.00。涠洲岛海水的ΩArag主要受水温和pH值的影响，其波动变化直接影响着造礁石珊瑚的钙化增生。 |
| 关键词: 涠洲岛 文石饱和度 造礁石珊瑚 钙化作用 海洋酸化 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20250508.001 |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-19修订日期：2024-10-07 |
| 基金项目:广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFBA026253)，广西北部湾海洋资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室开放基金项目(MRESD-2022-B04)，广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科23-026-271)资助. |
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| Changes in Aragonite Saturation State in Seawater and Effect on Calcification of Scleractinian Corals around the Weizhou Island |
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LI Bin1, FU Jiaxiang2,3, HUANG Wenwen1, LUO Xin3
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| (1.Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China;2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China;3.Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangxi, Beihai, Guangxi, 536000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To lay a scientific foundation for the conservation and restoration of the coral reefs and development of an early warning monitoring protocol,Excel Macro CO2SYS was employed to calculate the aragonite saturation state (ΩArag)in seawater around the Weizhou Island from the partial pressure of sea surface carbon dioxide (pCO2),surface-seawater temperature,surface-seawater salinity and surface-seawater pH value.The effect of ΩArag on the calcification of scleractinian corals around Weizhou Island and the responses of ΩArag to the changes in temperature,salinity and pH value were analyzed.The results showed that the average seawater temperature around the Weizhou Island in spring,summer,and autumn from 2006 to 2020 varied between 22.1 ℃ and 28.4 ℃ and increased gradually year by year.The average salinity ranged from 29.5 to 32.0,being stable at about 31.0.pCO2 rose with fluctuations,and its average values varied between 350.96 μatm and 380.37 μatm (1 μatm=1.013 25×10-5 Pa),lower than the global ocean annual mean values of the same period.The average values of pH value rose with fluctuations and ranged between 7.99 and 8.24,higher than the global ocean pH values of the same period.The pCO2 in the coastal area around the Weizhou Island rose with fluctuations at a rate of +3.20 μatm/10 a,which was expected to cause surface seawater acidification at a rate of -0.002 pH/10 a and the global ocean acidification at a rate of -0.011 pH/10 a.The average ΩArag of three seasons ranged between 2.61 and 7.42,following descending order of summer>autumn>spring.ΩArag could not maintain more than the threshold value of 4.00 if the average values of seawater temperature,salinity,and pH value were lower than 22.1 ℃,25.6,and 8.12,respectively.pH value was a critical environmental factor that affected the variation in ΩArag.In spring,the seawater temperature and ΩArag around Weizhou Island were lower.Although the ΩArag in summer was high,the temperature in seawater was usually higher than 30 ℃,which was not conducive to the calcification of scleractinian corals.The high ΩArag and favorable seawater temperature in autumn were beneficial to the calcification of scleractinian corals.The seawater temperature rise caused by global climate change would not reduce the ΩArag around Weizhou Island,while the ΩArag decrease caused by extreme low temperature may affect the stability of coral skeleton.The stable salinity of Weizhou Island would not cause significant changes in ΩArag.Due to the increase of pCO2in the global ocean,the ΩArag in the surface seawater around the Weizhou Island is expected to be less than the threshold of 4.00 in 2038.The ΩArag of the seawater around the Weizhou Island,which affects the calcification of scleractinian corals,is mainly related to the seawater temperature and pH value. |
| Key words: Weizhou Island aragonite saturation state scleractinian corals calcification ocean acidification |
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