| 摘要: |
| 性腺发育是造礁珊瑚有性繁殖过程中的关键环节，对珊瑚种群的维持和补充具有重要作用。自然条件下，大多数排卵型珊瑚每年仅排卵一至两次。因此，在人工环境条件下进行珊瑚繁殖研究较方便。本研究选取排卵型的美丽鹿角珊瑚（Acropora formosa）和丛生盔形珊瑚（Galaxea fascicularis）作为研究对象，自2021年9月起进行为期一年的室内养殖实验，观察其性腺发育过程，并与自然海域珊瑚对比，以探究其性腺发育规律。结果表明，室内养殖的美丽鹿角珊瑚与自然海域珊瑚的卵母细胞发育起始时间同步，但其性腺发育进程显著滞后。在整个观察周期，其发育水平仅达到第Ⅱ时相；室内养殖的丛生盔形珊瑚性腺发育与自然群体的发育时间同步，于2022年4月下旬达到性成熟。我们推测室内养殖的美丽鹿角珊瑚性腺发育停滞，可能源于光照强度不足导致的自养营养受限，仅够用于维持正常生长。丛生盔形珊瑚自养与异养能力强，故能维持正常的性腺发育，更适合于室内人工繁育。本研究为室内养殖条件下造礁石珊瑚的性腺发育提供了基础数据，可为珊瑚礁生态修复提供了理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 造礁石珊瑚 性腺发育 异位养殖 有性繁殖 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-18修订日期：2025-02-14 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42090041, 42030502）；广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室自主基金资助（GXLSCRSCS2023103）； 广西大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202210593098） |
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| Study on Gonadal Development of Two Scleractinian Corals—Acropora formosa and Galaxea fascicularis under Indoor Cultivation Conditions |
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HUANG Feifei1, CUI Mengyao1, WEI Fen1, YANG Xiyue1, PAN Xiaoyuan2, YU Haoyu3
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| (1.Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Coral Reef Research Center of China,School of Marine Sciences,Guangxi University;2.Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Coral Reef Research Center of China,School of Marine Sciences,School of Resources, Environment and Materials,Guangxi University;3.Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Coral Reef Research Center of China,School of Marine Sciences,Guangxi University,Nanning) |
| Abstract: |
| Gonadal development is a key link in the sexual reproduction process of scleractinian corals, which plays an important role in sustainability and recruitment of coral populations. Since most broadcast-spawning corals only spawn once or twice a year under natural conditions, it is more convenient to conduct coral reproduction studies in laboratory. In this study, broadcast-spawning Acropora formosa and Galaxea fascicularis were selected for a one-year indoor cultivation experiment initiated in September 2021. The objective was to observe the gonadal development process and compare them with the corals in the wild to elucidate coral gonad development patterns. The results showed that the onset of oocytes development in A. formosa under indoor conditions was synchronous with that of wild corals. However, the gonadal development of the indoor-cultured A. formosa was significantly delayed, reaching only stage II by the end of the observation period. In contrast, the gonads of G. fascicularis cultured indoors matured in late April 2022, which was the same as that in the wild. We hypothesize the suspension of gonadal development in A. formosa cultured indoors may be attributable to the limited autotrophic nutrition resulting from insufficient light intensity, enough only to maintain normal growth. G. fascicularis exhibits strong autotrophic and heterotrophic abilities, enabling it to sustain normal gonadal development. This adaptability makes it more suitable for indoor artificial cultivation. This study provides foundational data on the gonadal development of indoor-cultured scleractinian corals and offers a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of coral reefs. |
| Key words: scleractinian coral gonadal development ex situ culture sexual reproduction |
