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康秀琴,孟皓轩,卢家锋,朱金贵.漓江流域古树名木资源组成及空间分布特征[J].广西科学,2024,31(6):1076-1088. [点击复制]
- KANG Xiuqin,MENG Haoxuan,LU Jiafeng,ZHU Jingui.Resource Composition and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Ancient and Famous Trees in the Lijiang River Basin[J].Guangxi Sciences,2024,31(6):1076-1088. [点击复制]
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| 漓江流域古树名木资源组成及空间分布特征 |
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康秀琴1,2, 孟皓轩1, 卢家锋1, 朱金贵3
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| (1.桂林理工大学旅游与风景园林学院, 广西桂林 541006;2.广西旅游产业研究院, 广西桂林 541004;3.桂林市林业和园林局, 广西桂林 541100) |
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| 摘要: |
| 漓江流域是桂林山水城市格局的生命水系，研究其古树名木资源特征和成因可为古树名木的保护、管理及维持生物多样性提供科学依据。本研究结合文献资料、野外实地调查和ArcGIS信息技术，分析漓江流域古树名木资源组成、空间分布格局及其影响因素，探讨漓江流域古树名木保护的策略。研究结果表明：漓江流域共有古树名木5 587株，隶属于43科90属127种，所含物种数量较多的是樟科(Lauraceae)、金缕梅科(Hamamelidaceae)、银杏科(Ginkgoaceae)和大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)，优势种为樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、枫香树(Liquidambar formosana)、重阳木(Bischofia polycarpa)和银杏(Ginkgo biloba)等，古树名木资源丰富且价值高。从古树名木树龄结构来看，一级古树名木133株，二级古树名木483株，三级古树名木4 971株。从径级结构看，树高主要集中在10-30 m，胸径集中在10-160 cm，冠幅集中在6-30 m。从生长状况来看，94.42%为正常株；95.31%的古树名木生长环境为“良好”；生长在乡村街道的古树名木最多，占漓江流域古树名木总株数的75.84%。从空间分布格局上看，古树名木呈聚集分布，在秀峰区、七星区以及临桂区南边山镇形成2个高密度分布区。古树名木与流域内传统村落的分布密集区有明显的重叠关系,且耕地上的数量最多。从古树名木空间分布及其影响因素来看，海拔300 m以下、平坡、无坡向及平地上古树名木种类和数量最多。古树名木分布与水系密切相关，距离水系2 km以内分布数量最多，随着与水系距离的逐渐增大，古树名木的数量呈快速下降趋势。综上所述，漓江流域古树名木资源丰富，其分布特征与立地条件、文化习俗、传统村落、水系分布、土地利用类型等因素有关，通过实施生境差异化保护、建立重点保护机制以及推动民间主动参与等举措，可有效促进古树名木资源的科学保护和可持续利用。 |
| 关键词: 古树名木 漓江流域 空间分布 资源保护 ArcGIS |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20241207.002 |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-30修订日期：2024-08-08 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32260417)和广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22080057，AB23026053)资助。 |
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| Resource Composition and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Ancient and Famous Trees in the Lijiang River Basin |
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KANG Xiuqin1,2, MENG Haoxuan1, LU Jiafeng1, ZHU Jingui3
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| (1.College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541006, China;2.Institute of Guangxi Tourism Industry, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China;3.Guilin Forestry and Garden Bureau, Guilin, Guangxi, 541100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The Lijiang River Basin forms the lifeline of the natural landscape in Guilin,and exploring the resources and origins of ancient and famous trees offers a scientific foundation for safeguarding,managing,and preserving the biodiversity of the resources.The resource composition,spatial distribution patterns,and influencing factors of ancient and famous trees in the Lijiang River Basin were analyzed by a combination of literature review,field surveys,and ArcGIS.Furthermore,strategies for their protection were proposed.A total of 5 587 ancient and famous trees were found in the Lijiang River Basin,and they were identified as 127 species belonging to 90 genera of 43 families.The families with more species included Lauraceae,Hamamelidaceae,Ginkgoaceae,and Euphorbiaceae.The dominant species mainly included Cinnamomum camphora,Liquidambar formosana,Bischofia polycarpa,and Ginkgo biloba.The resources of ancient and famous trees were abundant and valuable.Considering the age structure,there were 133 first-class ancient trees,483 second-class ancient trees,and 4 971 third-class ancient trees.Most ancient and famous trees showed the tree height ranging from 10 to 30 m,diameter at breast height ranging from 10 to 160 cm,and crown width ranging from 6 to 30 m.Regarding growth conditions,94.42% of ancient and famous trees were normal individuals,and 95.31% of ancient and famous trees had a good growth environment.Most ancient and famous trees grew in rural streets,accounting for 75.84%.In terms of spatial distribution patterns,ancient and famous trees were distributed in clusters,with three high-density distribution areas formed in Xiufeng District,Qixing District,and Nanbianshan Town of Lingui District.There was a significant overlap between the distribution of ancient and famous trees and the dense areas of traditional villages in the basin.The number of ancient and famous trees was the highest on cultivated land.The number and species of ancient and famous trees were the highest below an elevation of 300 m,on flat slopes without specific slope directions,and on flat ground.The distribution of ancient and famous trees was closely related to the distribution of rivers,concentrated in the area within 2 km from rivers.As the distance from rivers gradually increased,the number of ancient and famous trees showed a rapid decline.In summary,the Lijiang River Basin has abundant resources of ancient and famous trees,the distribution characteristics of which are related to site conditions,cultural customs,traditional villages,river distribution,and land use types.Differentiated protection of habitat diversity,establishment of a priority protection mechanism,and promotion of public participation are conducive to the protection and scientific utilization of ancient and famous tree resources. |
| Key words: ancient and famous trees Lijiang River Basin spatial distribution resource protection ArcGIS |
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