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杨一山,唐健民,邓振海,罗亚进,邹蓉,柴胜丰,韦霄.雅长铁皮石斛原生种与选育种的营养成分对比分析[J].广西科学,2023,30(6):1217-1225. [点击复制]
- YANG Yishan,TANG Jianmin,DENG Zhenhai,LUO Yajin,ZOU Rong,CHAI Shengfeng,WEI Xiao.Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components between Wild Species and Breeding Species of Yachang's Dendrobium officinale[J].Guangxi Sciences,2023,30(6):1217-1225. [点击复制]
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| 雅长铁皮石斛原生种与选育种的营养成分对比分析 |
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杨一山1, 唐健民1, 邓振海2, 罗亚进2, 邹蓉1, 柴胜丰1, 韦霄1
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| (1.广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西植物功能物质与资源持续利用重点实验室, 广西桂林 541006;2.广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区管理中心, 广西百色 533209) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为科学、合理地开发利用雅长铁皮石斛（Yachang's Dendrobium officinale）资源，本研究对其原生种和选育种的基本营养成分、氨基酸和矿质元素进行测定，并采用氨基酸比值系数法对两种铁皮石斛进行营养价值评价。研究结果表明：两种铁皮石斛中共检测出4种常量元素和6种微量元素。除了B、Fe以外，原生种中的4种常量元素（Na、Mg、K、Ca）和4种微量元素（Zn、Mn、Cu、Se）含量均显著高于选育种。两种铁皮石斛中均以K的含量最高，分别为4 430、3 650 mg/kg，且都表现出“高钾低钠”的特点，原生种中K含量约是Na含量的103.5倍，选育种约为187.2倍。两种铁皮石斛共检测出16种氨基酸，包括6种必需氨基酸（EAA），4种鲜味氨基酸（DAA），8种苦味氨基酸（BAA）和9种药用氨基酸（MAA）。原生种和选育种氨基酸总量（TAA）分别为0.85、0.68 g/100 g。原生种氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、药用氨基酸总量均显著高于选育种，两种铁皮石斛的第一限制氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸（Met+Cys）。两种铁皮石斛的必需氨基酸营养价值差距不大，其必需氨基酸比值系数分（SRC）分别为54.9（原生种）、56.2（选育种）。在基本营养成分方面，原生种中除粗纤维和粗蛋白的含量显著高于选育种之外，其他成分含量的差异性均不显著。综上，雅长铁皮石斛原生种在基本营养成分、矿质元素和氨基酸含量方面均优于选育种，其中矿质元素含量的差异最大。因此，原生种的整体营养价值高于选育种。 |
| 关键词: 雅长铁皮石斛 矿质元素 氨基酸含量 营养价值 基本营养成分 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20240125.020 |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-04修订日期：2023-05-09 |
| 基金项目:广西壮族自治区林业局林业改革发展资金项目“广西兰科植物数据库信息系统的构建和保育技术研究”（2023LYKJ03），西南喀斯特植物资源的保护与可持续利用战略研究项目（桂科院ZL202302），国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFF1300703），中国科学院“西部之光”计划（2022），广西林业科技推广示范项目（〔2022〕GT23，桂林护发〔2023〕4号）和广西植物研究所业务项目“天坑濒危植物资源调查研究”（桂植发019）资助。 |
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| Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components between Wild Species and Breeding Species of Yachang's Dendrobium officinale |
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YANG Yishan1, TANG Jianmin1, DENG Zhenhai2, LUO Yajin2, ZOU Rong1, CHAI Shengfeng1, WEI Xiao1
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| (1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi, 541006, China;2.Guangxi Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve Management Center, Baise, Guangxi, 533209, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to scientifically and rationally exploit the resources of Yachang's Dendrobium officinale, the basic nutritional components, amino acids and mineral elements of its wild and breeding species were determined, and the nutritional value of two species of D.officinale was evaluated by the amino acid ratio coefficient method.The results showed that four major elements and six trace elements were detected in the two species.Except for B and Fe, the contents of four major elements (Na, Mg, K, Ca) and four trace elements (Zn, Mn, Cu, Se) were significantly higher in the wild species than in the breeding species.The content of K was the highest in the two species, which was 4 430 and 3 650 mg/kg, respectively, and both of them showed the characteristics of ‘high potassium and low sodium’.In the wild species, the content of K was approximately 103.5 times higher than Na content, while in the breeding species it was about 187.2 times. Sixteen amino acids were detected, including six essential amino acids (EAA), four umami amino acids (DAA), eight bitter amino acids (BAA), and nine medicinal amino acids (MAA).The total amino acid (TAA) of wild specie and breeding specie were 0.85 and 0.68 g/100 g, respectively.Overall levels of amino acids, essential amino acids and medicinal amino acids were significantly higher in the wild species than in the breeding species.The first limiting amino acid in both species was Methionine+Cysteine (Met+Cys).There was no significant difference in the nutritional value of essential amino acids between the two species, and the essential amino acid ratio coefficient score (SRC) was 54.9 and 56.2, respectively.The wild species had significantly higher levels of crude fiber and crude protein compared to the breeding species in terms of basic nutrients.However, there were no significant differences in the other components.In summary, wild species of D.officinale was found to be superior to breeding species in basic nutrients, mineral elements and amino acid content, with particularly significant differences in mineral element content. Consequently, the overall nutritional value of the wild species is higher than that of the breeding species. |
| Key words: Yachang's Dendrobium officinale mineral elements amino acids content nutritional value basic nutritional components |
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