| 摘要: |
| 为明确采样地病原菌菌系,测定药剂对该病原菌的毒力,通过探究药剂联合抑菌方式,寻求药剂的减量化施用,以降低其对环境及人体的危害。采用平板划线法分离病原菌,结合形态学观察、生理生化特征及16S rDNA方法鉴定病原菌;应用浑浊度法测定药剂对病原菌的毒力,利用回归分析获得毒力方程;通过药剂联合抑菌试验,采用分光光度法测定药剂与菌体互作后,获得病原菌生长的动态变化。病原菌为柑橘黄单胞菌柑橘亚种(Xanthomonas citrisubsp. citri),A菌系。20%噻菌铜悬浮剂、20%松脂酸铜悬浮剂、78%波尔·锰锌可湿性粉剂、12%中生菌素可湿性粉剂、80%乙蒜素乳油、0.5%靓果安水剂半数有效浓度(EC50)值分别为26.60 μg/mL、18.80 μg/mL、3.39 μg/mL、3.01 μg/mL、0.32 μg/mL、0.004 1 μg/mL。联合抑菌试验结果表明,加药时间 ≤ 48 h,0.5%靓果安水剂的防治效果最明显。48 h后,80%乙蒜素乳油的防治效果显著高于其他防治药剂,但72 h后其防治效果下降。优先施用0.5%靓果安水剂,48 h后施用80%乙蒜素乳油,120 h后重新施用0.5%靓果安水剂的施药方式,既对防治柑橘溃疡病有利,又能减少环境污染,减轻药剂对食品安全与生物健康等方面的不利影响。 |
| 关键词: 柑橘溃疡病 黄单胞菌柑橘亚种 药剂 毒力 环境污染 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20220526.017 |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-17 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省教育厅项目(LQ2017006)和辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602599)资助。 |
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| Research on Combined Application and Reduction of Bactericides for Citrus Canker |
|
LIU Dandan, WANG He, GAO Wenjing
|
| (Environment and Safety Engineering College, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110142, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The pathogen flora in the sampling site was determined,and the toxicity of the agent to the pathogen was determined.In order to reduce the harm to the environment and human body,it is necessary to explore the combined antibacterial methods of bactericides and seek the reduced application of bactericides.Pathogens were isolated by plate streak method,and identified by morphological observation,physiological and biochemical property and 16S rDNA method.The turbidity method was used to determine the toxicity of bactericides to the pathogens,and the toxicity equation was obtained by regression analysis. The dynamic changes of pathogen growth were obtained after the interaction between fungicides and bacteria was determined by spectrophotometry through the combined antimicrobial test.The pathogens were Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri, strain A.The EC50 values of 20% Thiodiazole copper SA,20% Resin acid copper salt SA,78% Boer manganese zinc WP,12% Zhongshengmycin WP,80% Ethylicin EC,0.5% Berberine AS were 26.60 μg/mL,18.80 μg/mL,3.39 μg/mL,3.01 μg/mL,0.32 μg/mL,0.004 1 μg/mL,respectively.The results of combined antibacterial test show that the control effect of 0.5% the control effect of 0.5% Berberine AS is the most obvious when the dosing time is less than or equal to 48 hours.After 48 h,the control effect of 80% Ethylicin EC is significantly higher than other bactericides,but after 72 h,the control effect decreased.The best application method is to give priority to 0.5% Berberine AS,apply 80% Ethylicin EC after 48 h,and reapply 0.5% Berberine AS after 120 h.This method is not only beneficial to the prevention and control of citrus canker,but also can reduce environmental pollution,and alleviates the adverse effects of bactericides on food safety and biological health. |
| Key words: citrus canker Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri bactericides toxicity environmental pollution |
