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闫朗,陈琳琳,吕卷章,姜少玉,刘春云,李晓静,宋博,李宝泉.黄河口近岸海域大型底栖动物群落特征[J].广西科学,2020,27(3):231-240. [点击复制]
- YAN Lang,CHEN Linlin,LV Juanzhang,JIANG Shaoyu,LIU Chunyun,LI Xiaojing,SONG Bo,LI Baoquan.Community Characteristics of Macrobenthos in the Coastal Waters of the Yellow River Estuary[J].Guangxi Sciences,2020,27(3):231-240. [点击复制]
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| 黄河口近岸海域大型底栖动物群落特征 |
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闫朗1, 陈琳琳2, 吕卷章3, 姜少玉2,4, 刘春云1, 李晓静2,4, 宋博2, 李宝泉2
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| (1.浙江海洋大学, 浙江舟山 316000;2.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东烟台 264003;3.山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理委员会, 山东东营 257091;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解黄河口近岸海域大型底栖生物资源的现状和变化，本研究于2016年8月、11月和2017年5月、8月、11月进行拖网调查。对拖网获得的生物样品进行鉴定，并称重和计数，以获取物种组成、优势物种、生物量和丰度等指标数据。使用优势度计算方法和PRIMER 6.0统计软件对群落特征进行分析。结果共获得大型底栖动物109种，其中甲壳动物37种，鱼类35种，软体动物34种，棘皮动物2种，其他动物（海葵Actiniaria sp.）1种。在该区域发现优势种19种，其中甲壳动物11种，软体动物4种，鱼类4种。黄河口近海大型底栖动物总平均丰度和总平均生物量分别为0.48 ind./m2、1.44 g/m2，均是软体动物贡献率最高。丰富度指数（D）、均匀度指数（J'）和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H'）平均值分别为2.44±0.33、0.88±0.03、3.64±0.08。CLUSTER聚类分析和MDS标序分析表明，在40%相似性水平上，每次调查结果可以分为3—5组，各组之间差异显著。黄河口近海大型底栖动物以小个体的甲壳动物、软体动物及低经济价值的鱼类为主，底栖物种有小型化趋势。黄河口近海底栖群落结构差异较大，总体受污染扰动情况明显。 |
| 关键词: 大型底栖动物 群落特征 黄河口 底拖网 多样性 |
| DOI：10.13656/j.cnki.gxkx.20200707.003 |
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| 基金项目:美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项（XDA23050304，XDA23050202）和中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDB-SSW-DQC041）资助。 |
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| Community Characteristics of Macrobenthos in the Coastal Waters of the Yellow River Estuary |
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YAN Lang1, CHEN Linlin2, LV Juanzhang3, JIANG Shaoyu2,4, LIU Chunyun1, LI Xiaojing2,4, SONG Bo2, LI Baoquan2
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| (1.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316000, China;2.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China;3.Administration Bureau of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, 100049, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the current status and changes of macro-benthic resources in the coastal waters of the Yellow River estuary,the trawl surveys were carried out in August,November 2016,and May,August,and November 2017. Biological samples obtained from trawl were identified,weighted and counted to get the indicator data such as species composition,dominant species,biomass and abundance. The dominance calculation method and PRIMER 6.0 statistical software were used to analyze the community characteristics. As a result,a total of 109 species of macrobenthos were obtained,37 species of crustaceans,35 species of fishes,34 species of mollusks,2 species of echinoderms,and 1 species of other animals (Actiniaria sp.). 19 dominant species were discovered in this area,including 11 species of crustaceans,4 species of mollusks and 4 species of fish. The total average abundance and total average biomass of macrobenthos in the Yellow River estuary were 0.48 ind./m2 and 1.44 g/m2,respectively. The contribution rate of mollusks was the highest. The average of richness index (D), evenness index (J') and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') were 2.44±0.33,0.88±0.03,3.64±0.08,respectively. CLUSTER and MDS analysis results show that at the 40% similarity level,the results of each survey can be divided into 3-5 groups,and the differences between the groups are important. The macrobenthos off the Yellow River estuary are dominated by small crustaceans,mollusks and low-economic fish,and benthic species tend to be miniaturized. The structure of macro-benthic communities near the Yellow River estuary is quite different,and the overall pollution disturbance is obvious. |
| Key words: macro-benthic community Yellow River estuary bottom trawl diversity |
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